From the expert opinion of PhDr. Rea Michalová, Ph.D.: "The painting 'Elsinor V' is unquestionably an authentic, exclusive, profoundly imaginative, and fateful symbolist work by František Muzika, a leading figure of the Czech avant-garde and an artist who belongs to that rare group of creators 'who are not forgotten, because through the quality of their work, their example, and their personal influence, they touched and influenced everyone they could reach' (M. Hegar). From this perspective, the year 1964 was significant, as Muzika was represented at the international exhibition of the avant-garde movement Phases in Brussels and at the 32nd Venice Biennale. Building on the success of the latter exhibition—which included the painting under consideration here, where admirers of Surrealism from the Netherlands “fell in love” with it, and in whose family it has remained to this day—he subsequently held solo exhibitions in Milan (where “Elsinor V” was also presented) and in Venice as well. “Elsinor V” unmistakably refers, through its name and layout, first and foremost to Hamlet’s impregnable fortress, which has long symbolized the indomitable spirit, a place of perfect mental concentration and integration. Depicted in a phantom-like manner, the object is thus not merely a weathered stone ruin, but also appears as a gigantic stone cup, a prehistoric or totemic object; this association arose from the artist’s effort to express, through visual means, the myth of the creation of irrational symbols in which the spiritual essence of both ancient and modern times would be concentrated. In the painting “Elsinor V,” František Muzika, on the threshold of old age and persistently posing questions about the meaning of human existence, has created an evocative, imaginative monument to ancient cultures, whose caves and corridors are the last, forgotten traces of a vanished life.” Listed in the artist’s catalog, no. 835 Provenance: until now, a private collection in The Hague, Netherlands – purchased at the 32nd Venice Biennale in 1964 Exhibited: Exhibition of Paintings by František Muzika from 1920–1964, Regional Gallery in Hradec Králové, June 7–July 5, 1964, cat. no. 100 Exhibition of Paintings by František Muzika from 1920–1964, Regional Gallery in Liberec, July 19–August 16, 1964, cat. no. 100 32nd Venice Biennale, Italy, 1964 František Muzika, Galleria de Naviglio, Milan, Italy, March 6–16, 1965 František Muzika or The Imagination of a Lyrical Order, Arcent-rum, Prague, 1966, cat. no. XX Reproduced in: (monograph) František Šmejkal, František Muzika, Odeon, Prague, 1966, ill. 167 František Muzika, Galleria de Naviglio, Milan, Italy, March 6–16, 1965, text in the catalog by the prominent Italian art historian Enrico Crispolti, reproduced opposite the introductory text